terdut-server/internal/api/incident_store.go

package api

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"encoding/json"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/yeniklas/terdut-server/internal/models"
)

// Values for incidents.resolution_source, recording who closed the incident:
// every member alert stopped firing, or a person decided it was done.
const (
	incidentResolutionAlerts = "alerts"
	incidentResolutionManual = "manual"

	// incidentResolutionRecovered closes a dead man's switch incident whose
	// heartbeat started arriving again. It cannot be "alerts": these incidents
	// have no member alerts for the cascade to work from.
	incidentResolutionRecovered = "recovered"
)

// Incident timeline event types. Stored as free text so adding one later is not
// a migration, but these are the ones the server writes.
const (
	evTriggered      = "triggered"
	evAlertAdded     = "alert_added"
	evAlertResolved  = "alert_resolved"
	evAcknowledged   = "acknowledged"
	evUnacknowledged = "unacknowledged"
	evAssigned       = "assigned"
	evSnoozed        = "snoozed"
	evUnsnoozed      = "unsnoozed"
	evResolved       = "resolved"
	evNote           = "note"
	evDeadmanSilent  = "deadman_silent"
)

// severityLabel is the Alertmanager label an incident's severity is derived from.
const severityLabel = "severity"

// querier is satisfied by both *sql.DB and *sql.Tx, so the helpers below work
// inside the webhook's transaction and standalone from handlers and the sweeper.
type querier interface {
	ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...any) (sql.Result, error)
	QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...any) (*sql.Rows, error)
	QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...any) *sql.Row
}

const incidentSelectFrom = `
	SELECT i.id, i.group_key, i.title, i.group_labels, i.status, i.severity,
	       i.triggered_at,
	       i.acknowledged_by, i.acknowledged_at, ack.username,
	       i.assigned_to, asg.username, i.snoozed_until,
	       i.resolved_at, i.resolution_source, i.archived_at
	FROM   incidents i
	LEFT   JOIN users ack ON ack.id = i.acknowledged_by
	LEFT   JOIN users asg ON asg.id = i.assigned_to`

func scanIncident(s scanner) (models.Incident, error) {
	var i models.Incident
	var groupLabelsJSON string
	var triggeredAt int64
	var ackAt, snoozedUntil, resolvedAt, archivedAt *int64

	if err := s.Scan(
		&i.ID, &i.GroupKey, &i.Title, &groupLabelsJSON, &i.Status, &i.Severity,
		&triggeredAt,
		&i.AcknowledgedByID, &ackAt, &i.AcknowledgedByUser,
		&i.AssignedToID, &i.AssignedToUser, &snoozedUntil,
		&resolvedAt, &i.ResolutionSource, &archivedAt,
	); err != nil {
		return i, err
	}

	json.Unmarshal([]byte(groupLabelsJSON), &i.GroupLabels) //nolint:errcheck
	i.TriggeredAt = time.Unix(triggeredAt, 0).UTC()
	i.AcknowledgedAt = unixPtr(ackAt)
	i.SnoozedUntil = unixPtr(snoozedUntil)
	i.ResolvedAt = unixPtr(resolvedAt)
	i.ArchivedAt = unixPtr(archivedAt)
	return i, nil
}

// unixPtr converts a nullable Unix-second column to a nullable UTC time.
func unixPtr(sec *int64) *time.Time {
	if sec == nil {
		return nil
	}
	t := time.Unix(*sec, 0).UTC()
	return &t
}

func fetchIncident(ctx context.Context, q querier, id int64) (models.Incident, error) {
	return scanIncident(q.QueryRowContext(ctx, incidentSelectFrom+" WHERE i.id = ?", id))
}

// logEvent appends one entry to an incident's timeline. A nil userID means the
// server acted rather than a person.
func logEvent(ctx context.Context, q querier, incidentID int64, evType string, userID, alertID *int64, detail *string) error {
	_, err := q.ExecContext(ctx, `
		INSERT INTO incident_events (incident_id, type, user_id, alert_id, detail, created_at)
		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
		incidentID, evType, userID, alertID, detail, time.Now().Unix())
	return err
}

// todayUTC is the schedule's day key. The schedule's smallest unit is one UTC day.
func todayUTC() string {
	return time.Now().UTC().Format("2006-01-02")
}

// currentOnCall returns today's on-call user, or nil when nobody is scheduled.
// A missing schedule entry is not an error — incidents just open unassigned.
func currentOnCall(ctx context.Context, q querier) (*int64, error) {
	var userID int64
	err := q.QueryRowContext(ctx,
		"SELECT user_id FROM schedule_entries WHERE date = ?", todayUTC()).Scan(&userID)
	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
		return nil, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &userID, nil
}

// severityRank orders the conventional Alertmanager severity label values.
// Anything unrecognised sorts below all of them rather than being dropped.
func severityRank(s string) int {
	switch strings.ToLower(s) {
	case "critical":
		return 4
	case "error":
		return 3
	case "warning":
		return 2
	case "info":
		return 1
	default:
		return 0
	}
}

// refreshSeverity raises an incident's severity to the highest `severity` label
// seen across its alerts.
//
// It is a high-water mark, never lowered: an incident that hit critical was a
// critical incident, even after the critical alert clears and a warning is all
// that is left firing. Downgrading a live incident would also quietly demote it
// in the queue while the work is still open.
func refreshSeverity(ctx context.Context, q querier, incidentID int64) error {
	rows, err := q.QueryContext(ctx, `
		SELECT json_extract(a.labels, '$.'||?)
		FROM   incident_alerts ia
		JOIN   alerts a ON a.id = ia.alert_id
		WHERE  ia.incident_id = ?`, severityLabel, incidentID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	best := ""
	for rows.Next() {
		var sev *string
		if err := rows.Scan(&sev); err != nil {
			rows.Close()
			return err
		}
		if sev != nil && severityRank(*sev) > severityRank(best) {
			best = *sev
		}
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		rows.Close()
		return err
	}
	rows.Close()

	if best == "" {
		return nil
	}
	// The comparison lives in SQL so an unrelated concurrent update cannot be
	// clobbered by a stale read.
	_, err = q.ExecContext(ctx, `
		UPDATE incidents SET severity = ?
		 WHERE id = ?
		   AND (severity IS NULL OR `+severityRankSQL("severity")+` < ?)`,
		best, incidentID, severityRank(best))
	return err
}

// severityRankSQL mirrors severityRank for use inside a statement. SQL cannot
// order these strings meaningfully on its own.
func severityRankSQL(col string) string {
	return `CASE lower(COALESCE(` + col + `, ''))
		WHEN 'critical' THEN 4
		WHEN 'error'    THEN 3
		WHEN 'warning'  THEN 2
		WHEN 'info'     THEN 1
		ELSE 0 END`
}

// resolveIfSettled closes an incident once every alert under it has stopped
// firing — PagerDuty's cascade, and the only automatic route out of the open
// state. Reports whether it actually resolved anything.
func resolveIfSettled(ctx context.Context, q querier, incidentID int64) (bool, error) {
	res, err := q.ExecContext(ctx, `
		UPDATE incidents
		   SET status            = 'resolved',
		       resolved_at       = ?,
		       resolution_source = ?
		 WHERE id = ?
		   AND resolved_at IS NULL
		   -- An incident with no members yet is mid-creation, not settled.
		   AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM incident_alerts ia WHERE ia.incident_id = incidents.id)
		   AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1
		                     FROM incident_alerts ia
		                     JOIN alerts a ON a.id = ia.alert_id
		                    WHERE ia.incident_id = incidents.id
		                      AND a.status = 'firing')`,
		time.Now().Unix(), incidentResolutionAlerts, incidentID)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	n, _ := res.RowsAffected()
	if n == 0 {
		return false, nil
	}
	if err := logEvent(ctx, q, incidentID, evResolved, nil, nil, nil); err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	// The all-clear goes only to whoever was paged in the first place, which
	// enqueueResolved works out from the incident's own notification history.
	// Manual resolution sends nothing: the person who closed it already knows.
	return true, enqueueResolved(ctx, q, incidentID)
}

// acknowledgeIncident records that userID has picked an incident up, and reports
// whether it changed anything — an already-resolved incident is left alone.
// Shared by the authenticated handler and the Acknowledge button in a push
// notification, so both write the same state and the same timeline entry.
func acknowledgeIncident(ctx context.Context, q querier, incidentID, userID int64) (bool, error) {
	res, err := q.ExecContext(ctx, `
		UPDATE incidents
		   SET status = 'acknowledged', acknowledged_by = ?, acknowledged_at = ?
		 WHERE id = ? AND resolved_at IS NULL`,
		userID, time.Now().Unix(), incidentID)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	if n, _ := res.RowsAffected(); n == 0 {
		return false, nil
	}
	return true, logEvent(ctx, q, incidentID, evAcknowledged, &userID, nil, nil)
}

// openIncidentForAlert returns the open incident an alert currently belongs to,
// or 0 when it has none. Used when an alert resolves or expires so the event
// lands on the right timeline.
func openIncidentForAlert(ctx context.Context, q querier, alertID int64) (int64, error) {
	var id int64
	err := q.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
		SELECT i.id
		FROM   incident_alerts ia
		JOIN   incidents i ON i.id = ia.incident_id
		WHERE  ia.alert_id = ? AND i.resolved_at IS NULL`, alertID).Scan(&id)
	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
		return 0, nil
	}
	return id, err
}

// incidentTitle renders a human-readable title from Alertmanager's groupLabels,
// leading with the alert name and appending whatever else the operator grouped
// by. Falls back to the alert's own name when the payload carried no groupLabels.
func incidentTitle(groupLabels map[string]string, fallback string) string {
	name := groupLabels["alertname"]
	if name == "" {
		name = fallback
	}
	if name == "" {
		name = "Incident"
	}

	rest := make([]string, 0, len(groupLabels))
	for k, v := range groupLabels {
		if k == "alertname" {
			continue
		}
		rest = append(rest, k+"="+v)
	}
	if len(rest) == 0 {
		return name
	}
	sort.Strings(rest)
	return name + " (" + strings.Join(rest, ", ") + ")"
}